উনিশ শতকে গ্রাম বাংলার সমাজ নির্মাণে ধান-চালের ভূমিকা 
মোঃ বাবুল সরকার
প্রভাষক, ইতিহাস, সরকারি টিচার্স ট্রেনিং কলেজ, রংপুর।

Abstract: Bengal is a region known for its rich agricultural heritage and cultural diversity. This paper investigates the pivotal role of rice in the social development of nineteenth-century focusing on the cultivation, trade, and socio-economic impact of rice, how this staple crop became a driving force in shaping the economic, social, and cultural dynamics of Bengal during the nineteenth century. The socio-economic implications of rice cultivation are explored in relation to labor dynamics, landownership patterns, and class structures as well in education. The labor-intensive nature of rice farming led to the emergence of distinct social classes based on roles in the production process. This research investigates the impact of these social structures on community organization, highlighting the intricate relationships between rice cultivation and the formation of social hierarchies. Culturally, rice assumed a central role in Bengal's identity, influencing culinary practices, religious rituals, and social traditions. The study delves into the symbolic significance of rice in shaping cultural narratives, fostering a sense of shared heritage. This analysis contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the crucial role played by rice in the social building of nineteenth century Bengal.

Keywords: Nineteenth-Century Bengal, Rice, Rice Cultivation, Agrarian Landscape, Society, Rural Bengal