The Colonization of Bengali Language and Culture:  A Study of the Colonial and Postcolonial Periods

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59815/bhs.vol2708

FURKAN AHMED

Lecturer, Department of History, University of Dhaka.

Abstract: Linguistic and cultural domination is a powerful mechanism of control, and its analysis is essential to understanding the long-term effects of colonialism. Under British colonial rule, the imposition of English as the language of power and the introduction of western culture marginalized the pride of Bengali language and culture, creating a class divide and fostering a sense of inferiority among the colonized. The Pakistan era further exacerbated these challenges, with efforts to impose Urdu sparking widespread resistance and culminating in the historic Language Movement of 1952. Despite systemic suppression, the resilience of the Bengali people in preserving their cultural identity manifested itself through intellectual, artistic, and grassroots efforts. By analyzing policies imposed by these ruling authorities, the research highlights the marginalization of the Bengali language and culture. It will also emphasize the social and cultural consequences of domination.

Key Words: Cultural and Linguistic Colonialism, Psychological Subjugation, Western Education, Bhadralok Class, Language Movement.